Ing. Daniel Malyk

* 1943

  • "Some politicians, I don't know where they came from, from Prague somewhere. They started and they were telling us, 'Boys...,' like this in a friendly way, not soldiers or privates. 'Boys, you'll probably visit in France, because those capitalists in Cuba...they're building chicken farms there with the help of Soviet advisors and the Americans think they're missile bases. So they stopped the ships that were taking food there.' Just the kind of talk they had, on us. 'And just so you know, we're not the first sequence. The first sequence is going to be the Soviet Army with the Germans from the GDR, and they're going to go right to the sea. And we'll go in the second sequence under the Alps, along the Danube, somewhere through Stuttgart, through Strasbourg and Belfort, and we'll turn left there somewhere between Dijon and Lyon, and we've got to get there in five days, and we'll set up our radars there. And we will guard the southern and western skies against capitalist attacks.' That's how he told us. They changed our machine guns, we had training guns, old ones, worn out, we got the same type, twenty-six chevrons, but they were new. We were given anti-chemical suits, we'd had these stretchy ones up to that time, made of some paper, and instead we got some rubberized ones, and they said that just before we went to that war, the real ones, that we'd still get live ammunition. We each had five pouches and we still had a magazine in the machine gun and we each got two grenades. But just before we go. That's what he told us, and then he looked around and said, 'Well? Does anybody have any questions?' Everybody was silent, like stunned."

  • "Moreover, all of them who were in the Communist Party, the Comrades, carried guns. I don't know why, although it's true that at that time they were the Mašín brothers and for some reason they thought the Mašíns were somewhere in there. In Komořany, so I remember that the Ereny, the soldiers, came about two or three times. They jumped down right at that crossroads in front of our house and then they deployed them all the way to Zbraslav, and then every thirty meters on that road there was a soldier with a rifle. "And then, on some command, the entire line went into the forest, combing through it in the direction of Točna. That happened about two or three times, back when the Mašín brothers murdered those people there. The communists had everything firmly under control. The youth groups, about five or six years older than us, the ČSM (Czechoslovak Youth Union), would walk around in blue shirts with big badges, which we actually thought looked kind of cool. They organized all sorts of events there, like celebrations, performing dances and songs. And the rest of us, people like us, just kept our mouths shut."

  • "There, between Komořany, over the hill, a leafcutter was allegedly driving. And the letter carriers were wearing such capes, black. And the tanker, the crew of the tanker, they thought they were carrying something. So they fired at him, and the mailman was hit from behind, and it hit him around the kidneys. So he fell down in great pain and lay there almost all day. And then in the evening, one of the boys said that he and another one, the ditchman, crawled in there to get him because they were so scared. And on a blanket they pulled him back through the ditch and he died in the meantime. So I know there was a memorial, up there. Then I remember that the monument was at Sosna. There was a guard there, and the Germans came there on a motorcycle and shot them with a machine gun. And in Komořany, as they were lying (note: along the road) and shooting (note: at the retreating Germans), six tanks arrived, somebody says five, I don't really believe it, I think one would have been enough, and started shooting at them. Then some of them ran across the fields to the forest, so they shot most of them, and those who ran to Komořany over the fences, some of them saved themselves."

  • "For some reason they were relieving themselves and dropped the bombs, so we went out and found the houses were gone. All those wooden houses had burned down. I remember vividly how the plinth, which was made of cinder blocks, the floor was burnt down because it was wooden, and that there was cinderblocks and a little dog was digging in it. White and black, I still remember him. When the camp burned down, they moved us to stone houses in Vienna. Our parents were fixing the broken windows and they were still carrying the six suitcases, and the Russians stole two suitcases with our ID papers. Luckily, my mother was guarding the food and clothes, she didn't give that. Because it was hard then. And the Russians were very bad. There was an Austrian woman wearing a man's jacket. And he said, 'Give it!' She said no, she wouldn't give, she didn't have anything under it. So he shot her on the spot. The jacket was no good, shot through and bloody."

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We had all the cons, there were plenty of reasons to hate us

Daniel Malyk in military uniform (1962)
Daniel Malyk in military uniform (1962)
zdroj: archive of the witness

Daniel Malyk was born on January 1, 1943 in Chelm, a city located in the then war-torn western Ukraine (today Chelm is part of Poland). His father, Eugen Malyk, was a natural scientist and university professor who emigrated to Czechoslovakia shortly after World War I and probably fled back to Ukraine in 1938 to escape the Nazis. Sometime towards the end of 1944, the Nazis transported Daniel Malyk‘s entire family to the labour camp at Guntramsdorf near Vienna, one of the branch camps of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Daniel Malyk has childhood memories of the harsh conditions in the camp, recalls the bombing that completely destroyed the camp, and vividly recalls images of the last days of the war around Vienna. Thanks to his father‘s Czechoslovak citizenship, which he had acquired before the war, the family was repatriated to Czechoslovakia. They found accommodation in Komořany, which is now part of Prague 12. The inhabitants of this district lived through the dramatic days at the end of the war, when SS troops shot several dozen men defending the southern border of the capital. Daniel and his brother, two years younger than him, had to earn respect among their peers in the socially and ethnically diverse population of post-war Komořany. He graduated from the building industry and from the Czech Technical University. By the time he completed his compulsory military service, the so-called Caribbean Crisis had erupted and was in real danger of escalating into a war between East and West. Professionally, he devoted his whole life to construction, together with his wife they raised two daughters. In 2024 he lived in Prague.