Milena Hradecká

* 1937

  • "The third part - that was us as families of artisans and so on, that was in March 1947. We ended up packing up, everything was fine, abandoned, we had to leave the dog and the canary behind, we said goodbye, arrived at the station and again the train was nowhere to be found. We still had to come back, it was delayed for 14 days. We had to go back, but we had already handed over the house, there were Polish neighbours. We moved in, which was rented to us by friends of Mum and Dad, Mr and Mrs Kadeřábek, they reserved a room for us for 14 days, that we were still staying there. Finally we boarded the cattle cars, we had a very nice time. There were four families there, neat sleeping arrangements from the luggage, a table, a small stone, chairs, it was quite nice. Before that, mum started frying the schnitzels, dad was frying so that we would have sustenance for 14 days, he took care of the wooden trunks, crates, wicker baskets. It was covered with lard to preserve it, to keep it from spoiling, the meat was all covered with lard in buckets. We weren't starving, we were fine. We also had experiences where the train stopped and they said, 'We're going to stand here for three hours.' Dad took buckets, he would go to the nearby buildings to get water. And there was still a dachshund, a little dog, they went to walk him. So the little dog was running around all over the place, and suddenly the whistle blew, soldiers immediately, close - and dad was nowhere. And the train was moving. Dad, when he saw this, threw away the buckets of water, ran, ran as fast as he could and grabbed the last carriage. We were shivering with terror, especially mom. We couldn't imagine the horror if he was left destitute and without papers somewhere. Gradually he crossed, there were wagons with horses, he had to wait for them to stop somewhere so he could cross. The reunion was beautiful, but the dachshund never came back, he was mourned, he stayed somewhere. Those were such sad moments."

  • "We had the advantage of living in the city and, as I told you, we were pulling through the city. But it was worst in the villages. First it started when the Austro-Hungarian and German armies were there, they looted everything and sent it to Germany and Austria. Then the partisans came, they took what they could, they didn't ask questions. There had to be conscription. My aunt said it was terrible." - "What did your aunt tell you?" - "That the banderos came at night and dictated what they wanted. And they said, 'Here it will be ready, we'll be back in an hour.' They went to another building and ordered it there too. And when it wasn't ready, then the machine gun and it was done. I had a friend once, we were friends in Hrušovany, Soňa Nováková. She told me that her aunt and uncle, the whole family, was shot by the Banderites. Just if you are reluctant or don't give what they want, that's the end."

  • "I remember when there were air raids on Zdolbunov. We were staying with my mother's sister, they had a big house, they lived there, then we lived , and the last apartment was occupied by a Polish couple, both teachers. There was a big cellar in the garden and there was our shelter against the air raids. My mother always came and told us to get up quickly, there was an air raid, we had to get dressed quickly and run to that cellar. Once it happened that my father took my sister Maruška and they ran ahead. My mother and I couldn't keep up and we crawled under the bed and now the bomb went off in the first apartment. Fortunately, the Polish couple were also in the shelter and we were protected only by a piece of wall and the bed. I didn't have to be here today. That is still my profound experience to this day, even when I was a little girl, five years old. I remember that to this day. Now we didn't know where dad was, it was terrible."

  • Celé nahrávky
  • 1

    Kadaň, 12.09.2023

    (audio)
    délka: 02:00:37
Celé nahrávky jsou k dispozici pouze pro přihlášené uživatele.

They survived German air raids and the massacres by Banderites. Yet, they still fled from Volhynia

In Sokol costume at the Sokol meeting, 1940s
In Sokol costume at the Sokol meeting, 1940s
zdroj: Archive of the witness

Milena Hradecká, née Milica Bajerová, was born on 14 August 1937 in Rovno in Volhynia, which was then part of Poland. Her maternal grandparents, the Doleček family and her paternal grandparents, the Bajer family, came to settle Volhynia in the second half of the 19th century. Her parents ran a confectionery and bakery in Rovno, but after the beginning of the Second World War they moved to Zdolbunov. There, the witness experienced the movements of the eastern front and narrowly escaped death by bombing. Her relatives living in the countryside experienced the terror of the Banderites. Two uncles, a cousin and his wife joined the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps and participated in the liberation of Czechoslovakia. In 1947, the witness and her family emigrated and settled in Spořice, North Bohemia. Soon after the communists took power, his father successfully ran a confectionery shop there again. Milena Hradecká worked as a pharmaceutical laboratory technician, and also rose to senior positions in the health care sector. In 2023 she lived in Chomutov. This story was recorded thanks to a grant from the City of Chomutov.